Global Activism to Make Patented Drugs More Accessible: An ITPC Case Study of Bedaquiline for Treatment of Tuberculosis
By Priti Patnaik
This report documents efforts by civil society organizations (CSOs) in various countries, including Brazil, Ukraine and Thailand, to make Bedaquiline more accessible by using the flexibilities provided in the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) – the safeguards in the intellectual property system that take into account public health needs. The case study was undertaken during 2023-2024.
Tuberculosis remains a major global health crisis, with drug-resistant forms requiring newer more effective treatments like Bedaquiline which offers shorter treatment times and fewer side effects than older regimens. The report offers an overview of global and country-specific efforts by CSOs to challenge patents held by Johnson & Johnson on the tuberculosis (TB) drug bedaquiline (BDQ) to improve patient access and affordability. CSOs primarily focused on opposing “evergreening” secondary patents that extend Johnson & Johnson’s monopoly beyond the original patent expiration, arguing that these patents lack inventive merit and artificially inflate prices. Successful actions, such as patent rejections in India and Thailand and Johnson & Johnson’s agreement not to enforce patents in 134 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), are discussed alongside challenges, including judicial difficulties, insufficient political will, and the strategic importance of pursuing pre-grant patent oppositions.
Hosted by the South Centre, 5 March 2026, Virtual (Zoom)
On 5 March 2026, the South Centre convened a virtual webinar to mark the conclusion of its seven-year antimicrobial resistance (AMR) programme, supported by the Fleming Fund, Department of Health and Social Care (DHSC), United Kingdom (UK) since 2018. The main objective of the webinar was to present the findings of an Impact Assessment of the programme and to gather reflections from key partners on lessons learned and the way forward. The South Centre emphasised that the end of the Fleming Fund grant marks a transition, not a closure as the organisation remains committed to AMR as a core area of work and is actively seeking new partnerships.
The webinar was opened by Prof. Carlos Correa, Executive Director of the South Centre, and moderated throughout by Dr Viviana Munoz Tellez, Head of the Health, Intellectual Property and Biodiversity programme of the South Centre. Eleven speakers from multilateral institutions, the UK Fleming Fund, government delegations, academics, civil society, and the media shared perspectives and calls to action.
South Centre and One Health Trust Information Note
March 2026
92 million deaths could be averted by 2050 with improved access to antibiotics and infection care. The time to act is now, and it requires both access and stewardship.
Together with One Health Trust, we highlight key recommendations to make it happen in a pointed brief.
* Available in 3 languages (English, Portuguese and Spanish)
South Centre Statement to the Sixth meeting of the Intergovernmental Working Group on the WHO Pandemic Agreement (IGWG6)
23 March 2026
Will countries at the World Health Organization (WHO) finalize negotiations this week on the Pathogen Access and Benefit Sharing (PABS) System to open way to signature of the Pandemic Agreement? Read the South Centre’s statement to the sixth IGWG:
The South Centre carries out multiple activities to support developing countries with policy-oriented research, inputs and advice for negotiations and capacity building. The Report summarizes the South Centre’s activities in 2025 and highlights the contexts in which they were conducted as well as the objectives that were pursued with their implementation.
The South Centre successful in elevating Global South voices in the fight against antimicrobial resistance, with support from United Kingdom’s Fleming Fund
Geneva | 5 March 2026
As the world intensifies efforts to confront antimicrobial resistance (AMR), one of the gravest global health and development threats of our time, the South Centre has supported low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) to strengthen their positions in global governance and policy processes.
A newly released impact report documents how the South Centre, with support from the United Kingdom’s Fleming Fund, has played a catalytic role between 2018 and 2025 in systematically improving Global South engagement in AMR governance, policy discourse, and civil society – led action.
Contribution to the Report of the UN Secretary-General on the implementation of General Assembly Resolution on the “Necessity of ending the economic, commercial and financial embargo imposed by the United States of America against Cuba”
South Centre
13 February 2026
The illegal blockade against Cuba is a continuing violation of the UN Charter & international law and must be lifted to allow full realisation of human rights and SDGs. See the South Centre inputs to the UN Secretary-General’s report, emphasising urgent need to end the blockade.
The webinar will present key findings from the South Centre’s Antimicrobial Resistance impact report, Elevating Global South Voices in the Fight Against Antimicrobial Resistance: The South Centre’s Impact and Lessons Learned (2018–2025), implemented with the support of the Fleming Fund (UK Department of Health and Social Care).
The discussion will be framed within the evolving global AMR landscape, particularly following the 2024 UN Political Declaration on AMR, and will reflect on how to sustain and scale Global South – led engagement in multilateral processes.
South Centre Statement to IGWG5 on the WHO Pandemic Agreement
9 February 2026
The World Health Organization (WHO) Intergovernmental Working Group (IGWG) is reconvening to negotiate a Pathogen Access and Benefit Sharing (PABS) System to make operational Article 12 of the WHO Pandemic Agreement, concluded in May 2025 but requiring conclusion of the PABS to move towards ratifications. The Fifth Meeting of the IGWG (IGWG5) will meet from 9-14 February 2026, and the negotiations are meant to conclude by May 2026.
The South Centre has made a statement to the IGWG5 highlighting the imbalance in the current Bureau text. The statement of the South Centre is reproduced below.
Decisiones judiciales y sostenibilidad del sistema de salud: tensiones y desafíos. El caso de Argentina
Por José Luis Cassinerio y Silvina Andrea Bracamonte
En las últimas décadas, la judicialización de la salud en Argentina ha adquirido dimensiones crecientes tanto en términos cuantitativos como cualitativos. No solo ha aumentado el número de causas judiciales, sino también la complejidad de las tecnologías sanitarias reclamadas, muchas de ellas de alto costo, eficacia limitada o con escasa evidencia científica. Este fenómeno desafía los marcos institucionales, jurídicos y sanitarios, y obliga al Poder Judicial a resolver conflictos que tensan la frontera entre derechos individuales, racionalidad médico-científica, equidad en el acceso y sostenibilidad del sistema. En este trabajo se analiza la estructura del sistema de salud argentino, las características de las decisiones judiciales en materia sanitaria y la necesidad de construir un enfoque interdisciplinario que incorpore dimensiones jurídicas, clínicas, económicas y bioéticas. Se propone avanzar hacia estándares judiciales más previsibles que protejan derechos individuales sin erosionar los principios éticos de distribución de recursos en salud.
UN Human Rights Council Resolutions on Access to Medicines and the Use of TRIPS Flexibilities: A Review
By Nirmalya Syam
This paper reviews almost twenty years of the United Nations Human Rights Council’s (UNHRC) work on access to medicines. The UNHRC has repeatedly framed access to medicines as part of the right to health and has urged States to rely on flexibilities in the Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) to make essential treatments more affordable. Although the UNHRC has strengthened the human rights foundation for using such flexibilities, its resolutions have produced little change on the ground. The commitments embodied in the UNHRC resolutions stay broad and non-binding, leaving the deep structural barriers in place, including restrictive intellectual property (IP) clauses in trade deals, pressure from powerful States, limited technical and manufacturing capacity, and weak policy coordination within governments. Moreover, several recent resolutions reaffirm the value of IP protection, which creates tension that dilutes the Council’s support for the wider use of TRIPS flexibilities. The paper finds that the main gap between global human rights commitments and national action on advancing access to medicines reflects political choices and structural barriers, and concludes by calling for stronger mandates for States to review access barriers during the Universal Periodic Review, increased technical assistance from the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, more civil society participation, national right-to-health action plans, and systematic monitoring of TRIPS implementation.
